Analog
8 mm Camcorder
Lo-Band: Approximately 3 megahertz bandwidth (250 curve EIA resolution or ~333x480 edge-to-edge)
BCE (1954): First band accumulator for video, bogus by Bing Crosby Entertainment from Ampex equipment.
BCE Coloer (1955): First blush band accumulator for video, bogus by Bing Crosby Entertainment from Ampex equipment.
Simplex (1955): Developed commercially by RCA and acclimated to almanac several reside broadcasts by NBC.
Quadruplex (1955): Developed formally by Ampex, and this became the recording accepted for the next 20 years.
Vera (1955): An beginning recording accepted developed by the BBC, but was never acclimated or awash commercially.
U-matic (1971): The antecedent band acclimated by Sony to almanac video.
U-matic S (1974): A baby sized adaptation of U-matic acclimated for carriageable recorders.
Betamax (1975): Alone acclimated on actual old Sony and Sanyo camcorders and portables; anachronistic by the mid/late-80s in the customer market.
VHS (1976): Accordant with VHS accepted VCRs, admitting VHS camcorders are no best made.
VHS-C (1982): Originally advised for carriageable VCRs, this accepted was after acclimatized for use in bunched customer camcorders; identical in superior to VHS; cassettes play in accepted VHS VCRs application an adapter. Still accessible in the low-end customer bazaar (JVC archetypal GR-AXM18 is VHS-C; see page 19 of the owner's manual). Almost abbreviate active time compared to added formats.
Video8 (1985): Small-format band developed by Sony to action VHS-C's bunched palm-sized design; agnate to VHS or Betamax in account quality, but not compatible. Top superior audio as standard.
Hi-Band: Approximately 5 megahertz bandwidth (420 curve EIA resolution or ~550x480 edge-to-edge)
U-matic BVU (1982): Largely acclimated in high-end customer and able equipment. The addition of U-matic BVU spelled the end of 16mm blur recordings.
U-matic BVU-SP (1985): Largely acclimated in high-end customer and able equipment. The addition of U-matic BVU spelled the end of 16mm blur recordings.
S-VHS (1987): Largely acclimated in medium-end customer and prosumer equipment; attenuate a allotment of boilerplate customer equipment, and rendered anachronistic by agenda accessory like DigiBetacam and DV.
S-VHS-C (1987): An advancement to accommodate near-laserdisc quality. Now bound to the low-end customer bazaar (example: JVC SXM38). As per VHS-C, almost abbreviate active time compared to added formats.
Hi8 (1988): Enhanced-quality Video8; almost agnate to Super VHS in account quality, but not compatible. Top superior audio as standard. Now bound to low-end customer bazaar (example: Sony TRV138)
edit Digital
MICROMV camcorder and band (top) compared to MiniDV and Hi8 tapes
MiniDV (1995): Smaller adaptation of the DV accepted was appear by Sony, which became the a lot of boundless standard-definition agenda camcorder technology for several years, and was the architecture which fabricated capturing footage via the 4 pin DV atrium to your computer simple for video editing.13
DVD (1995): Uses either Mini DVD-R or DVD-RAM. This is a multi-manufacturer accepted that uses 8 cm DVDs for 30 account of video. DVD-R can be played on customer DVD players but cannot be added to or recorded over already accomplished for viewing. DVD-RAM can be added to and/or recorded over, but cannot be played on abounding customer DVD players, and costs a lot added than added types of DVD recordable media. The DVD-RW is addition advantage acceptance the user to re-record, but alone annal sequentially and accept to be accomplished for viewing. The discs do bulk added than the DVD-R format, which alone annal once. DVDs are aswell actual accessible to scratches. DVD camcorders are about not advised to affix to computers for alteration purposes, admitting some high-end DVD units do almanac beleaguer sound, a affection not accepted with DV equipment.
DV (1996): Sony debuted the DV architecture band with DVCAM getting able and DVCPRO getting a Panasonic variant.
D-VHS (1998): JVC debuted the agenda accepted of VHS band and which accurate 1080p HD. Abounding units aswell accurate IEEE1394 recording.
Digital8 (1999): Uses Hi8 tapes (Sony is the alone aggregation currently bearing Digital8 camcorders, admitting Hitachi already aswell did). Most, but not all models of Agenda 8 cameras accept the adeptness to apprehend earlier Video8 and Hi8 analog architecture tapes. The format's abstruse blueprint are of the aforementioned superior as MiniDV (both use the aforementioned DV codec), and although no professional-level Digital8 accessories exists, Digital8 has been acclimated to accomplish TV and cine productions (example: Hall of Mirrors).
MICROMV (2001): Uses a matchbox-sized cassette. Sony was the alone electronics architect for this format, and alteration software was proprietary to Sony and alone accessible on Microsoft Windows; however, accessible antecedent programmers did administer to actualize abduction software for Linux 1. The accouterments is no best in production, admitting tapes are still accessible through Sony.
Blu-ray Disc (2003): Presently, Hitachi is the alone architect of Blu-ray Disc camcorders.
HDV (2004): Annal up to an hour of HDTV MPEG-2 arresting almost according to advertisement superior HD on a accepted MiniDV cassette.
MPEG-2 codec based format, which annal MPEG-2 affairs beck or MPEG-2 carriage beck to assorted kinds of tapeless media (hard disks, solid-state memory, etc). Acclimated both for accepted analogue (JVC, Panasonic) and top analogue (JVC) recording.
H.264, autograph appellation for aeroembolism video application the H.264 codec that is allotment of the MPEG-4 accepted in an MPEG-4 book a lot of generally stored to tapeless media.
AVCHD, a architecture that puts H.264 video into a carriage beck book format. The video is aeroembolism according to the MPEG-4 AVC (aka H.264) format, but the book architecture is not MPEG-4.
Multiview Video Coding is an alteration to H.264/MPEG-4 AVC video compression accepted for sequences captured accompanying from assorted cameras application a individual video stream. An MVC beck is astern accordant with H.264/AVC, which allows earlier accessories and software to break stereoscopic video streams, blank added advice for the additional view. Multiview video contains a ample bulk of inter-view statistical dependencies accordingly accumulated banausic and inter-view anticipation is the key for able MVC encoding. A anatomy from a assertive camera can be predicted not alone from temporally accompanying frames from the aforementioned camera, but aswell from the frames of adjoining cameras. These interdependencies can be acclimated for able prediction.
8 mm Camcorder
Lo-Band: Approximately 3 megahertz bandwidth (250 curve EIA resolution or ~333x480 edge-to-edge)
BCE (1954): First band accumulator for video, bogus by Bing Crosby Entertainment from Ampex equipment.
BCE Coloer (1955): First blush band accumulator for video, bogus by Bing Crosby Entertainment from Ampex equipment.
Simplex (1955): Developed commercially by RCA and acclimated to almanac several reside broadcasts by NBC.
Quadruplex (1955): Developed formally by Ampex, and this became the recording accepted for the next 20 years.
Vera (1955): An beginning recording accepted developed by the BBC, but was never acclimated or awash commercially.
U-matic (1971): The antecedent band acclimated by Sony to almanac video.
U-matic S (1974): A baby sized adaptation of U-matic acclimated for carriageable recorders.
Betamax (1975): Alone acclimated on actual old Sony and Sanyo camcorders and portables; anachronistic by the mid/late-80s in the customer market.
VHS (1976): Accordant with VHS accepted VCRs, admitting VHS camcorders are no best made.
VHS-C (1982): Originally advised for carriageable VCRs, this accepted was after acclimatized for use in bunched customer camcorders; identical in superior to VHS; cassettes play in accepted VHS VCRs application an adapter. Still accessible in the low-end customer bazaar (JVC archetypal GR-AXM18 is VHS-C; see page 19 of the owner's manual). Almost abbreviate active time compared to added formats.
Video8 (1985): Small-format band developed by Sony to action VHS-C's bunched palm-sized design; agnate to VHS or Betamax in account quality, but not compatible. Top superior audio as standard.
Hi-Band: Approximately 5 megahertz bandwidth (420 curve EIA resolution or ~550x480 edge-to-edge)
U-matic BVU (1982): Largely acclimated in high-end customer and able equipment. The addition of U-matic BVU spelled the end of 16mm blur recordings.
U-matic BVU-SP (1985): Largely acclimated in high-end customer and able equipment. The addition of U-matic BVU spelled the end of 16mm blur recordings.
S-VHS (1987): Largely acclimated in medium-end customer and prosumer equipment; attenuate a allotment of boilerplate customer equipment, and rendered anachronistic by agenda accessory like DigiBetacam and DV.
S-VHS-C (1987): An advancement to accommodate near-laserdisc quality. Now bound to the low-end customer bazaar (example: JVC SXM38). As per VHS-C, almost abbreviate active time compared to added formats.
Hi8 (1988): Enhanced-quality Video8; almost agnate to Super VHS in account quality, but not compatible. Top superior audio as standard. Now bound to low-end customer bazaar (example: Sony TRV138)
edit Digital
MICROMV camcorder and band (top) compared to MiniDV and Hi8 tapes
MiniDV (1995): Smaller adaptation of the DV accepted was appear by Sony, which became the a lot of boundless standard-definition agenda camcorder technology for several years, and was the architecture which fabricated capturing footage via the 4 pin DV atrium to your computer simple for video editing.13
DVD (1995): Uses either Mini DVD-R or DVD-RAM. This is a multi-manufacturer accepted that uses 8 cm DVDs for 30 account of video. DVD-R can be played on customer DVD players but cannot be added to or recorded over already accomplished for viewing. DVD-RAM can be added to and/or recorded over, but cannot be played on abounding customer DVD players, and costs a lot added than added types of DVD recordable media. The DVD-RW is addition advantage acceptance the user to re-record, but alone annal sequentially and accept to be accomplished for viewing. The discs do bulk added than the DVD-R format, which alone annal once. DVDs are aswell actual accessible to scratches. DVD camcorders are about not advised to affix to computers for alteration purposes, admitting some high-end DVD units do almanac beleaguer sound, a affection not accepted with DV equipment.
DV (1996): Sony debuted the DV architecture band with DVCAM getting able and DVCPRO getting a Panasonic variant.
D-VHS (1998): JVC debuted the agenda accepted of VHS band and which accurate 1080p HD. Abounding units aswell accurate IEEE1394 recording.
Digital8 (1999): Uses Hi8 tapes (Sony is the alone aggregation currently bearing Digital8 camcorders, admitting Hitachi already aswell did). Most, but not all models of Agenda 8 cameras accept the adeptness to apprehend earlier Video8 and Hi8 analog architecture tapes. The format's abstruse blueprint are of the aforementioned superior as MiniDV (both use the aforementioned DV codec), and although no professional-level Digital8 accessories exists, Digital8 has been acclimated to accomplish TV and cine productions (example: Hall of Mirrors).
MICROMV (2001): Uses a matchbox-sized cassette. Sony was the alone electronics architect for this format, and alteration software was proprietary to Sony and alone accessible on Microsoft Windows; however, accessible antecedent programmers did administer to actualize abduction software for Linux 1. The accouterments is no best in production, admitting tapes are still accessible through Sony.
Blu-ray Disc (2003): Presently, Hitachi is the alone architect of Blu-ray Disc camcorders.
HDV (2004): Annal up to an hour of HDTV MPEG-2 arresting almost according to advertisement superior HD on a accepted MiniDV cassette.
MPEG-2 codec based format, which annal MPEG-2 affairs beck or MPEG-2 carriage beck to assorted kinds of tapeless media (hard disks, solid-state memory, etc). Acclimated both for accepted analogue (JVC, Panasonic) and top analogue (JVC) recording.
H.264, autograph appellation for aeroembolism video application the H.264 codec that is allotment of the MPEG-4 accepted in an MPEG-4 book a lot of generally stored to tapeless media.
AVCHD, a architecture that puts H.264 video into a carriage beck book format. The video is aeroembolism according to the MPEG-4 AVC (aka H.264) format, but the book architecture is not MPEG-4.
Multiview Video Coding is an alteration to H.264/MPEG-4 AVC video compression accepted for sequences captured accompanying from assorted cameras application a individual video stream. An MVC beck is astern accordant with H.264/AVC, which allows earlier accessories and software to break stereoscopic video streams, blank added advice for the additional view. Multiview video contains a ample bulk of inter-view statistical dependencies accordingly accumulated banausic and inter-view anticipation is the key for able MVC encoding. A anatomy from a assertive camera can be predicted not alone from temporally accompanying frames from the aforementioned camera, but aswell from the frames of adjoining cameras. These interdependencies can be acclimated for able prediction.
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